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Named after Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, the Pareto Chart works on the theory that 80% of process problems occur because of mistakes in 20 percent of the factors involved in the process. A retail outlet might determine staffing levels for every hour of the way by creating a histogram that tracks the number of customers who come through the door at different times on every day of the week. For example, traffic engineers might use a histogram to record the number of people who pass through an intersection at different times of day. The histogram is a graph that shows frequency distributions for a specific data set. If out of control, then teams must use other tools to determine the root cause of the problem. Teams use current process data and determine if process variation is consistent (under control) or unpredictable (out of control). Control ChartĪ control chart tracks process change over time. Check SheetĪ check sheet offers a structured table that allows teams to list problems on the left-hand side, and then provide information on the right of each on the topics such as the frequency and severity of the problem. Teams use the fishbone diagram to better solve reoccurring problems. The cause and effect diagram (also known as a fishbone diagram) provides an easy-to-understand visual that starts with a problem, then lists the causes, sub causes and sub causes of the sub causes until reaching the root cause of the issue. Some may also refer to them as the seven basic tools of Six Sigma. The following tools make up the Ishikawa Tools. They meet regularly to identify, analyze and find solutions to work-related problems.
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The tools are frequently used in quality circles, a term for groups of workers who do similar jobs or work together on an operational process. They are named after Japanese engineer Kaoru Ishikawa, an important figure in the development of kaizen (continuing process improvement). Those with a basic understanding of statistics can use the Ishikawa tools. They offer a great place to start for those new to Six Sigma methodology. The Ishikawa Tools – sometimes called the seven basic tools of Six Sigma – are simple but effective tools to address complex quality control challenges.